A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.

# Summary of SJRES 90 **What the Bill Would Do:** This bill would require the U.S. military to stop any military operations or hostilities against Venezuela that Congress has not specifically approved. Essentially, it asserts Congress's constitutional power to declare war and authorize military actions, and would force the removal of U.S. Armed Forces from any unauthorized Venezuelan operations within 30 days of passage. **Who It Affects:** The bill primarily affects the executive branch (the President and Department of Defense), as it limits presidential war powers. It also relates to U.S. military personnel who might be involved in Venezuela operations, and has implications for U.S.-Venezuela relations.

The broader audience includes Congress itself, since it reinforces congressional authority over military decisions. **Key Provisions & Current Status:** The bill reflects a long-standing constitutional tension: the President's role as military commander-in-chief versus Congress's power to declare war. This particular resolution assumes there are unauthorized U.S. military activities related to Venezuela occurring or planned. As of now, the bill is in committee and has not advanced further, meaning it has not been debated or voted on by the full Congress. Sponsor Senator Tim Kaine (D-VA) introduced it as part of broader congressional oversight efforts.